Many forms of cancer are treated with an initial, primary therapy such as surgery, chemotherapy or radiation. Once that initial therapy is completed, an assessment will be made of its success. Then your doctor may recommend a secondary therapy to ensure the success of the overall therapy process.
That secondary form of therapy is called adjuvant therapy. It may be a drug (oral or infusion, another form of chemotherapy), hormone therapy, radiation, or a follow up surgery.
The goal, of course, is to lessen any chance of recurrence of the cancer, or metastasis of the cancer cells.

